Achievement Motivation Theory:
This form of motivation comes from ones personality and is your drive to succeed. This statement was proposed by Atkinson in 1964.
People motivated in this way can be grouped into two categories:
- NACH (need to achieve): These people are Driven for feelings of pride and satisfaction. Overall theses people are Positive thinkers.
- NAF (need to avoid failure): These people are driven to not feel ashamed or humiliated. These are negative thinkers.
Attribution Theory:
Attributions are reasons why we do things. They come under 3 categories:
-Controllable and uncontrollable -
Controllable theories are things that I am able to control such as my mental strength during a game that will motivate me to work harder. On the other hand, Uncontrollable theories are things that happen that can go against you performance, these are factors such as the weather or the condition of the football pitch.
-Internal and external -
Internal motivation theory is when I am the reason for the outcome. Having the ability to outwit my opponent and beat them.This also means I have the motivation from within me to accomplish my targets. External motivation is the opposite and is when your opponent is the reason for the outcome. Either they benefit your performance by playing poorly or they can make it much more difficult for the outcome to be positive.
-Stable and unstable -
Being stable means that I take responsibility for the outcome, whether it positive or negative. Having the ability to do this portrays mental strength and this can elevated your performance in sport and in life. Unstable is always having an excuse for the outcome. Excuses like the referee was unfair or the playing surface was in horrible condition. This can negatively effect your performance by making you think you'll always be cheated against then you'll be know for always having excuses and always complaining.
Trait Theory:
Trait theory is a persons traits that determine their behaviour and their personality. If you're a motivated person off the playing field, you'll be even more motivated during matches and this can enhance your performance as you'll push yourself to the limit to exceed exceptions set by yourself and by your club. However, if you're not a motivated person then you'll struggle to be motivated on match day and it will negatively impact your performance.
Situational Theory:
Situational theory is when you are influenced and motivated by the situation you are in at that current time. If you are in a situation where you will can achieve a set goal, your motivation will be to work harder in order to accomplish this goal. On the contrast, if you are in a situation where it is impossible to win as your team have conceded 5 goal and there is only ten minutes left of the game, you will not have the motivation to work as hard as you did during the game.
Interactional Theory:
Interactional theory is a mix of your personality and the situation you are in. If you are shy and reserved as a person and shy away from big decisive tasks and you are placed centre stage (to take a cup winning penalty), you will be nervous and will lack the motivation to take the penalty with confidence. However, place someone that thrives off the big tasks to take this penalty, they will be highly motivated and will have the confidence that they will score and win the cup for their team.
I think Cristiano Ronaldo is motivated to Achieve goals and to progress his performance as an athlete. I think Cristiano is motivated in this way as he constantly wants to achieve greatness and hates losing. therefore I think this motivation type best suits him as he always wants to improve on his skills and develop his knowledge for the sport in order to minimise the chance of failure. In his "All access" interview it was said that by one of his coaches that " He (Cristiano Ronaldo) is always working 10x harder than any other footballer in his team on and off the pitch to develop his performance and to also work on keeping fit and healthy in order to play at his upmost best.
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